The Role of Visual Attention and Environmental Complexity in Real-world Mobility for People With Lower Limb Amputation

Conditions

• Lower Limb Amputation

Eligibility Criteria

Sex

ALL

Age

18 Years - N/A

Healthy Volunteers

Not accepted

Interventions

• Comprehensive assessment of walking patterns and functional mobility — OTHER
  Assessment of accelerometry: Daily duration (minutes) of sitting, standing, stepping, Daily step count, Daily walking bouts stepping cadence, Timed Up and Go and Two-minute Walk Test
• Comprehensive assessment of eye movements during walking — OTHER
  Comprehensive assessment of eye movements during walking including Target Fixation Time (seconds; %) and Number of fixations
• Questionnaire Assessments completed — OTHER
  The following assessments will be completed: World health organization disability assessment schedule 2.0 (WHODAS), and Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale.

Study Details

Despite high medical expenses (\>$500K/patient), mobility improvements achieved during rehabilitation for people with lower limb amputation (LLA) fail to translate into improved real-world outcomes. Even with advances in prosthesis technology enabling faster gait speed, greater walking endurance, and improved mobility confidence, people with LLA report persistent dissatisfaction with real-world mobility, limited ability to walk in the community, and difficulty achieving recommended physical activity levels. Real-world walking requires thinking and moving simultaneously (e.g., cognitive-motor dual-tasking), visually attending to the environment, and navigating varying terrain. In contrast, clinical mobility assessments are usually performed without additional visual or cognitive demands, in controlled environments, and on level surfaces. Current clinical tools used to assess ambulation progression during rehabilitation do not adequately assess these changes in people who have experienced LLA.

Key Dates

First listed

Sep 21, 2026

Start date

Oct 25, 2025

Status verified

Sep 2026

Primary completion

May 31, 2027

Completion

May 31, 2027

Study Design

Enrollment

30 participants (estimated)

Arms

• Arm: Subjects with Lower Limb Amputation (LLA)
  20 participants with below knee amputation.
• Arm: Matched Control
  10 sex- and age-matched control participants.

Primary Outcome Measure

Gait Analysis-Walking Speed [ Time Frame: Visit 1 and visit 2 (which will take place 10-14 days after visit 1) ]

Central Contacts

• Paul Kline
  804-828-4483
  [email protected]

Locations (1)

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